Quiz #10
How to design & construct a house to withstand 150 mph wind quiz
:
1)
The definition of the dead load is: The definition of dead load in ASCE 7-98 is ".the weight of all materials of construction incorporated into the building, including but not limited to walls, floors, roofs, ceilings, stairways, built-in partitions, finishes, cladding, and other similarly incorporated architectural and structural items, and fixed service equipment." The sum of the dead loads of all the individual components will equal the unoccupied weight of the building.
a) True
b) False
2)
Determining dead loads is important for several reasons:
Foundation size (e.g., footing width, pile embedment depth, number of piles) depends partly on dead load.
Dead load counterbalances uplift forces due to buoyancy and wind.
Dead load counterbalances wind and earthquake overturning moments.
Dead load changes the response of the building to both seismic forces and impact forces generated by floating objects.
a) True
b) False
3)
The design flood will always be greater than or equal base flood.
a) True
b) False
4)
Hydrostatic loads occur when standing or slowly moving water comes into contact with a building or building component. Hydrostatic loads can act laterally or vertically, and the forces they exert include buoyant or flotation forces.
a) True
b) False
5)
Wave forces can be separated into four categories:
Foundation size (e.g., footing width, pile embedment depth, number of piles) depends partly on dead load.
Those from non-breaking waves (these forces can usually be computed as hydrostatic forces against walls and hydrodynamic forces against piles)
Those from breaking waves (these forces will be of short duration, but large magnitude)
Those from broken waves (these forces are similar to hydrodynamic forces caused by flowing or surging water)
Uplift (these forces are often caused by wave run-up, deflection, or peaking against the underside of horizontal surfaces)
Of these, the forces from breaking waves are the highest and produce the most severe loads. Therefore, this manual strongly recommends that the breaking wave load be used as the design wave load.
a) True
b) False
6)
Waves and currents during coastal flood conditions are capable of creating turbulence around foundation elements, and causing localized scour around those elements. Determining potential scour is critical in designing coastal foundations to ensure that failure during and after flooding does not occur as a result of the loss in either bearing capacity or anchoring resistance around the posts, piles, piers, columns, footings, or walls. Localized scour determinations will require knowledge of the flood depth, flow conditions, soil characteristics, and foundation type.
a) True
b) False
7)
The design process involves the following:
Determining design loads
Determining the building's foundation, structural frame, and envelope
Determining the connections between individual elements
Determining the elevation, placement, and support for utilities
Selecting the appropriate materials
The entire design process is based on the fundamental premise that anticipated service and natural hazard loads can and must be transferred through the building in a continuous path to the supporting soils. ANY weakness in that continuous path is a potential point of failure of the building, and any failure creates the possibility for large property losses and the potential for loss of life.
a) True
b) False
8)
The types of loads that most commonly act on one- to three-story residential buildings during severe natural hazard events are as follows:
dead loads
live loads
flood loads
wind loads
earthquake (seismic) loads
snow loads
a) True
b) False
9
)
The dead loads are; the weight of the building and accessory equipment such as tanks, piping, electrical service panels and conduits, and HVAC equipment.
a) True
b) False
10
)
The live loads are; combined loads of occupants, furnishings, and non-fixed equipment.
a) True
b) False
11
)
Flood loads are based on flood depth and velocity, wave effects, expected long-term and short-term erosion as well as localized scour, elevation of the building in relationship to the expected flood conditions, and floating debris impacts.
a) True
b) False
12
)
Wind loads are based on Roof shape and pitch, sitting, topography and exposure, and building shape and orientation. The height of the structure also needs to be assessed.
a) True
b) False
13
)
Seismic loads are calculated based on mass (including elevation, location, and distribution) of the building, soil supporting the building, height of the building above the ground, and additional loads that the building may occasionally support (e.g., snow).
a) True
b) False
14
)
Snow loads are based on roof shape and pitch, multi-level roofs, and building orientation. Also, drifting snow may cause unbalanced loading on the roof system.
a) True
b) False
15
)
The following concepts show how one design step leads to the next:
All design loads create forces in and on the building. The forces are transferred through load paths.
Load paths always end in the soil that supports the structure.
Loads should be applied to the building beginning at the top.
Loads should be determined for both the vertical and horizontal load paths.
Load transfer creates forces at connections and imparts stresses materials. Connections and materials must be strong enough to those forces and stresses.
The load path must be continuous; any break or weakness in the path "chain" can result in damage or even structural failure.
a) True
b) False
16
)
The following failure modes are:
Uplift:
Vertical forces caused by wind or buoyancy exceed the weight of the structure and the strength of the soil anchorage. The building fails by being lifted off its foundation or because the foundation pulls out of the soil.
Overturning:
The applied moments caused by wind, wave, earthquake, and buoyancy forces exceed the resisting moments of the building's weight and anchorage. The building fails by rotating off its foundation or because the foundation rotates out of the soil.
Sliding or Shearing:
Horizontal forces exceed the friction force or strength of the foundation. The building fails by sliding off its foundation, by shear failure of components transferring loads to its foundation, or by the foundation sliding.
a) Primary failure mode
b) Secondary failure mode
17
)
According to table 12.6 if you are nailing on the panel edges of the roof, the spacing for the nails in Zone I should be :
a) 3 inches apart
b) 4 inches apart
b) 8 inches apart
18
)
In figures 12.74 the purpose of the link #2 connection between the roof rafter and the top plate of the exterior wall is:
a) It seems like a good way to connect the roof to the wall
b) To resist the uplift and lateral load.
19
)
Figure 12.83 shows how the fire-resistant walls and roof of one house helped it survived a wildfire surrounding houses were destroyed.
a) True
b) False
20
)
Figure 13.3 and 13.4 show an example of improperly and properly notched foundation pile.
a) True
b) False
21
)
Which one of the following tasks should be considered when examining the site soils before designing the foundation.
a) Soil borings
b) A review of borings from nearby sites
c) A test pit dug at or near one of the pilings or foundation corners
d) Information from the local office of the Natural Resource Conservation Service
(formerly Soil Conservation Service) and Soil Surveys published for each county
e) Test piles
f) All of the above
22
)
Diagonal bracing strengthens and stiffens the pile foundation at the cost of greater exposure to wave and debris impact.
a) True
b) False
23
)
The following is a top foundation issue for builders
Piles, piers, or columns must be properly aligned.
The piles, piers, or columns must be driven or placed at the proper elevation to resist failure and must extend below the expected depth of scour and erosion.
Foundation materials must be flood damage-resistant (pressure treated wood, masonry, concrete).
Provide adequate support at the top of the foundation element to properly attach the floor framing system. Do not notch a wood foundation element more than 50 percent of its cross-sectional area.
Breakaway walls are intended to fail; do not overnail these walls to the foundations; do not install utilities or other obstructions behind these walls; do not finish inside these walls.
Where foundation elements are masonry or concrete (except slabson- grade), place the proper size of reinforcing, the proper number of steel bars, and provide the proper concrete cover over the steel.
Exposed steel in the foundation will corrode; plan for it by installing hot-dipped galvanized or stainless steel.
Areas of pressure-treated wood that have been cut or drilled will retain water and will decay; treat these cut areas in the field.
a) True
b) False
24
)
In figure 13.26 the purpose of full length board sheathing is:
a) To transfer more of the shear loads between the frame joists
b) To cover the building.
25
)
In coastal structures the key to reduced long-term maintenance is the initial selection of appropriate materials and proper construction. Maintenance and repair demands will be directly influenced by decisions made during building design and construction.
a) True
b) False
26
)
To maintain maximum building performance, a coastal building's structural system and envelope (i.e., exterior wall covering, doors, windows, and roof covering) must not be allowed to deteriorate. If the building is significantly degraded by corrosion, wood decay, termite attack, or weathering, its vulnerability to damage from natural hazards is increased.
a) True
b) False
27
)
The likelihood of termite infestation in coastal buildings can be reduced by maintenance that makes the building site drier and otherwise less hospitable to termites:
Store firewood and other wood items, including wood mulch, on the ground, away from the building.
Keep gutters and downspouts in good repair and positioned to direct water away from the building.
Keep water pipes, water fixtures, and drainpipes in good repair.
Avoid dampness in crawlspaces by providing adequate ventilation or installing impervious ground cover membranes.
Avoid frequent plant watering adjacent to the house, and keep plants trimmed away from the walls.
a) True
b) False
28
)
The combined effects of sun and water on many building materials, particularly wood, cause weathering effects, which include the following:
Fading of finishes
Accelerated checking and splitting of wood
Gradual loss of thickness of wood
a) True
b) False
29
)
In case #7 (of Ethics section); It was alleged that Dr. Smith conducted an engineering inspection for his client in December 1998; but did not provide his client with his inspection report until February 2000. This Indicated that he was not acting as a faithful agent for his client and his actions were not in keeping with generally accepted engineering standards and procedures. The Board accepted a Consent Order signed by Dr. Smith for a formal reprimand.
a) True
b) False
30
)
In case #11 (of Ethics section); It was alleged that Mr. Doe, a Texas PE engineer, altered boundary information on Survey plats for a subdivision that had been prepared by a license surveyor, affixed a copy of the surveyor's seal to the plats and submitted the plats to county officials for approval without knowledge of the surveyor. The Board reportedly suspended his license for one year and fined him $1000.00
a) True
b) False
31
)
31. In case # 15 (of Ethics section); It was alleged that Jim, the company's president, designed seven swimming pools and affixed a copy of a Texas Professional engineer's seal and signature that he had obtained from another source to the plan sheets which were submitted to a city for permitting. Board records did not show that Jim was licensed as a professional engineer in Texas nor that his company had Texas professional engineer as a regular full-time employee. The Board accepted an Agreed Board Order signed by Jim to cease and desist from any and all representations that his company can offer and/or perform engineering services and from the actual performance of engineering services until such time as the company hires a Texas licensed professional engineer as a regular full time employee, and to immediately discontinue the use of the Texas professional engineer's seal and signature on any and all documents. Jim also agreed to hire a Texas professional engineer to perform after the fact engineering inspections and issue certification reports for the five swimming pools that were permitted and constructed. The company was also ordered to pay a $5000.00 administrative penalty.
a) True
b) False
32
)
In case #17; John was a registered engineer in:
a) Texas
b) Michigan
c) New Mexico
33
)
In case #21; It was alleged that Billy signed his name and affixed his Texas Architectural seal to structural, mechanical, electrical and plumbing design plans for renovation of a commercial building. Based upon the size of the building, the structural, mechanical, electrical and plumbing designs were required by law to have been performed by a licensed professional engineer; therefore Billy's preparation of these design plans constituted the unlawful practice of engineering. The Board accepted a consent order signed by Billy and his attorney agreeing that Billy will not practice engineering outside the exemption listed in the Engineering practice Act and will refrain from making any and all representations that he can offer and/or perform engineering services until such time as he hires a Texas licensed professional engineer as a regular full time employee or until such time as he becomes a Texas licensed professional engineer. Billy also agreed to pay a $1000.00 administrative penalty.
a) True
b) False
34
)
In case #6; It was alleged that Jim provided professional engineering design services in connection with residential foundation design and exterior wall systems during a period when his Texas engineer license was expired. The Board accepted a Consent Order signed by Jim for a two-year probated suspension of his Texas engineer license contingent upon his payment of a $2000.00 administrative penalty.
a) True
b) False
35
)
In case # 24; John-David-Bill, Inc. It was alleged that site grading and drainage plans for two projects were submitted to the city of Brownsville, one set bearing John's signature and architect seal and the other bearing David's signature and architectural seal. The size and scope of the respective projects required that Texas licensed professional engineers prepare the grading and the drainage design plans. Board records did not show any of the three were licensed as professional engineers in Texas nor that their company had any regular full time employee who was licensed as professional engineers in Texas. Therefore it appears these individuals unlawfully performed engineering services and their respective plans were an unlawful representation of their company ability to offer and /or perform engineering services. The Board accepted a Consent order signed by the president of the company to cease and desist from practice of engineering and from any and all representations that the company can offer of performing engineering services until the such time as the firm hires a full time employee who is licensed as a professional engineer in Texas. The company also agreed to pay a $2000.00 administrative penalty.
a) True
b) False
You need to get at least 70% of the questions correct to pass.
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